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APA Citation

Audiovisual Media

General information

  • This section includes works that have visual and audio (e.g. films, YouTube videos), only audio (e.g. music, audio podcasts), or only visual components (e.g. artwork, photographs, PowerPoint slides). 
  • The template depends on whether the work stands alone (e.g. a film, video, photograph, podcast, TED talk, PowerPoint slides, artworks, infographic, entire music album, TV series, and other whole works) or whether it is a part of a greater whole (e.g. a TV episode, a podcast episode, a song from an album)
  • Authors are as follows: Film - director; TV series - executive producer; TV series episode - writer and director of the episode; Podcast - host of the episode; Webinar - instructor/host; Classical music album or song - composer; Modern music album or song - recording artist; Artwork - artist; Online streaming video - person or group who uploaded the video; Photograph - photographer
  • Add a descriptive label in square brackets after the title, for example [Song]
  • The source element will contain details of publication depending on the item, such as the production company for films, TV series or podcasts, the label for music albums, the location of an artwork, the name of the hosting site for a streaming video, etc.

 

Works that stand alone

Author, A.A. (function if applicable). (Date). Title [Description]. Publisher if different from author. https://xxxxx

 

Wenders, W. (Director). (2003). Wings of desire [DVD]. MGM Home Entertainment.

Ami, N., & Ripper, V. (Directors). (2024). Incandescence [Video documentary]. National Film Board of Canada. https://www.nfb.ca/film/incandescence/

Geography by Geoff (2025, February 25). 15 amazing geography facts about Canada [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/3hpNona8M4g?si=6v7W1VvhAmdLPmbX

webidrole (2018, September 21). [Photograph of two bear cubs]. Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/photos/bear-bear-cub-nature-3694104/

House, C. (2023). [Photograph series about a pregnant woman living on the streets ]. The Pulitzer Prizes. https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/christina-house-los-angeles-times

Jones, J. (2016, March 23). Guided reading: Making the most of it [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/hellojenjones/guided-reading-making-the-most-of-it

Daniels, C., Kehoe, I., Ludbrook, A., & Wilson, S. (n.d.). Empowering monograph creation: New directions for creative and scholarly publishing [PowerPoint slides]. Moodle. https://courses.moodle.kpu.ca/

BC Ferries. (n.d.). Ferries for the next generation [Infographic]. British Columbia Ferry Services. https://www.bcferries.com/about/projects/nextgen.html

McLachlan, S.  (2014). Shine on [Album]. Verve Records.

Hart, J. (2010-2013). The dance screen [Red cedar panel]. Audain Art Museum, Whistler, BC, Canada.

Hart, J. (2010-2013).The dance screen [Red cedar panel]. Audain Art Museum, Whistler, BC, Canada. https://audainartmuseum.com/collection/#/works/794535

Google. (n.d.). [Google Maps directions for driving from Vancouver, BC, Canada to Portland, OR, United States]. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/maps/NsiHMVqxbz4rp8rg7

 

In-text citations (if quoting, also include the specific part of the source)

 

... (Wenders, 2003) ... (Ami & Ripper, 2024) ... (Geography, 2025) ... (webidrole, 2018) ... (House, 2023) ... (Jones, 2016) ... (Daniels et al., n.d.) ... (BC Ferries, n.d.) ... (McLachlan, 2014) ... (Hart, 2010-2013) ... (Google, n.d.) 

 

CLICK FOR MORE AUDIOVISUAL EXAMPLES AND EXPLANATIONS FROM THE APA STYLE WEBSITE
  • For music, it is usually not necessary to say how you listened to it (e.g. iTunes, Spotify, SoundCloud, CD, etc. Include a URL only if that location is the only means of retrieval (e.g. if a song is only available on a specific website)
  • You may add additional information, such as the Executive Producer for a TV series, if they differ from the Writer and/or Director (as in the first example)

 

Works that are part of a greater whole

Author, A.A. (function if applicable). (Date). Title of individual item (No. if applicable) [Description]. In Title of greater whole. Publisher if different from author. https://xxxxx

Martin, A. (Writer), & Earnshaw, P. (Director). (2010). Jenny from the block [Television series episode]. In T. Fortier, I. Schneeberg, A. Martin, & J. Sinyor (Executive Producers), Being Erica. Temple Street Productions.

Johnson, F., & Simone-Bowen, L. (Hosts). (2019, July 23). The most famous Vancouverite you never heard of [Audio podcast episode]. In The secret life of Canada. CBC Radio. https://www.cbc.ca/radio/secretlifeofcanada/the-most-famous-vancouverite-you-ve-never-heard-of-1.5220625

McLachlan, S.  (2014). In your shoes [Song]. On Shine on. Verve Records.​

 

In-text citations (if quoting, also include the specific part of the source)

... (Martin & Earnshaw, 2010) ... (Johnson & Simone-Bowen, 2019) ... (McLachlan, 2014) ...

... (Martin & Earnshaw, 2010, 25:10) ... (Johnson & Simone-Bowen, 2019, 10:35) ... (McLachlan, 2014,2:19)

 

CLICK FOR MORE AUDIOVISUAL MEDIA EXAMPLES AND EXPLANATIONS FROM THE APA STYLE WEBSITE