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Chicago Citation Style: Personal communications

Personal communications

  • Personal communications (private interviews, phone conversations, letters, emails, text messages, etc.) do not need a bibliographic entry
Example - Personal communication (private interviews, phone conversations, letters, emails, text messages, etc.)
Chicago Manual Bibliography Footnote

14.214

No bibliographic entry needed.

Mention the communication within in the text of the paper (for example: "In a telephone conversation with Christian Kroll ... ") or cite it in the note. 

 

 

1. Christian Kroll (Founder & CEO, Ecosia), phone conversation with the author, March 6, 2018.

2. Interview with a social worker, January 28, 2021. *

3. Benjamin Spock, interview by Milton J. E. Senn, November 20, 1974, interview 67A, transcript, Senn Oral History Collection, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD. **

Note: *if the interviewee wants to be anonymous; **if a transcript/recording is available